Preparation of Eri silk fibroin and gelatin blend film loaded chlorhexidine using as model for hydrophilic drug release
Author(s)
Yaowalak Srisuwan,
Nualchai Kotseang,
Komsan Namtaku,
Wilaiwan Simchuer,
Chirapha Butiman,
Prasong Srihanam*
Affiliation(s)
Department of Chemistry, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand. Department of Science and Technology, Kalasin Rajabhat University, Kalasin, Thailand. Department of Chemistry, Loei Rajabhat University, Loei, Thailand. Silk Innovation Center, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand.
Department of Chemistry, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand. Department of Science and Technology, Kalasin Rajabhat University, Kalasin, Thailand. Department of Chemistry, Loei Rajabhat University, Loei, Thailand. Silk Innovation Center, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to prepare Eri silk fibroin solution for preparing silk film loaded chlorhexidine drug as model for hydrophilic drug release. The Eri silk cocoons were boiled in 0.5%NaCO3 solution at 90℃, and then left in air dried at room temperature. The fibroin was dissolved in 9M (Ca(NO3)2) with ethanol (2 by mole) and heated at 70℃. The silk fibroin (SF) solution was then dialyzed to exclude salt in phosphate buffer. The SF and gelatin (G) solutions were mixed for preparation of films in both with and without chlorhexidine. The films were observed their morphology under scanning electron microscope. The results found that all of films were rough of their surfaces, homogeneous texture without phase separation. The native SF film composed of pores throughout the film area but did not observe in native G film. The results also showed that the SF and G can be good interacted to form hydrogen bonds. These were indicated from FTIR spectra and thermal analysis. The chlorhexidine drug has not affect on the changes of film properties. However, the releasing pattern of chlorhexidine from each film was varied. The highest rate of drug releasing was found in the native SF film while the native G film was the lowest. It might be suggested that the drug releasing rate was depended on polarity of each polymer components.
The objective of this research was to prepare Eri silk fibroin solution for preparing silk film loaded chlorhexidine drug as model for hydrophilic drug release. The Eri silk cocoons were boiled in 0.5%NaCO3 solution at 90℃, and then left in air dried at room temperature. The fibroin was dissolved in 9M (Ca(NO3)2) with ethanol (2 by mole) and heated at 70℃. The silk fibroin (SF) solution was then dialyzed to exclude salt in phosphate buffer. The SF and gelatin (G) solutions were mixed for preparation of films in both with and without chlorhexidine. The films were observed their morphology under scanning electron microscope. The results found that all of films were rough of their surfaces, homogeneous texture without phase separation. The native SF film composed of pores throughout the film area but did not observe in native G film. The results also showed that the SF and G can be good interacted to form hydrogen bonds. These were indicated from FTIR spectra and thermal analysis. The chlorhexidine drug has not affect on the changes of film properties. However, the releasing pattern of chlorhexidine from each film was varied. The highest rate of drug releasing was found in the native SF film while the native G film was the lowest. It might be suggested that the drug releasing rate was depended on polarity of each polymer components.
Cite this paper
nullSrisuwan, Y. , Kotseang, N. , Namtaku, K. , Simchuer, W. , Butiman, C. and Srihanam, P. (2012) Preparation of Eri silk fibroin and gelatin blend film loaded chlorhexidine using as model for hydrophilic drug release. Natural Science, 4, 454-460. doi: 10.4236/ns.2012.47061.
nullSrisuwan, Y. , Kotseang, N. , Namtaku, K. , Simchuer, W. , Butiman, C. and Srihanam, P. (2012) Preparation of Eri silk fibroin and gelatin blend film loaded chlorhexidine using as model for hydrophilic drug release. Natural Science, 4, 454-460. doi: 10.4236/ns.2012.47061.
References
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(2009) Chitosan gelatin scaffolds for tissue engineering: Physico-chemical properties and biological response of buffalo embryonic stem cells and transfectant of GFP-buffalo embryonic stem cells. Acta Biomaterialia, 5, 3453-3466. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2009.05.012 [10] Gil, E.S., Frankowski, D.J., Hudson, S.M. and Spontak, R.J. (2007) Silk fibroin membranes from solvent-crystallized silk fibroin/gelatin blends: Effects of blend and solvent composition. Materials Science Engineering, C, 27, 426-431. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2006.05.017 [11] Lee, J., Tae, G., Kim, Y.H., Park, I.S., Kim, S.-H. and Kim, S.H. (2008) The effect of gelatin incorporation into electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) fibers on mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. Biomaterials, 29, 1872-1879. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.029 [12] Huang, Z.M., Zhang, Y.Z., Ramakrishna, S. and Lim, C.T. (2004) Electrospinning and mechanical characterization of gelatin nanofibers. Polymer, 45, 5361-5368. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.005 [13] Aznar-Cervantes, S., Roca, M.I., Martinez, J.G., MeseguerOlmo, L., Cenis, J.L., Moraleda, J.M. and Otero, T.F. (2012) Fabrication of conductive electrospun silk fibroin scaffolds by coating with polypyrrole for biomedical applications. Bioelectrochemistry, 85, 36-43. doi:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.11.008 [14] Bhardwaj, N. and Kundu, S.C. (2011) Silk fibroin protein and chitosan polyelectrolyte complex porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Carbohydrate Polymer, 85, 325-333. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.02.027 [15] Fan, H., Liu, H., Toh, S.L. and Goh, J.C.H. (2008) Enhanced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cocultured with ligament fibroblasts on gelatin/silk fibroin hybrid scaffold. Biomaterials, 29, 1017-1027. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.10.048 [16] Fang, Q., Chen, D., Yang, Z. and Li, M. (2009) In vitro and in vivo research on sing Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin as tissue engineering tendon scaffolds. Materials Science Engineering, C, 29, 1527-1534. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2008.12.007 [17] Li, M., Tao, W., Lu, S. and Kuga, S. (2003) Compliant film of regenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin by chemical crosslinking. International Journal Biological Macromolecules, 32, 159-163. doi:10.1016/S0141-8130(03)00049-7 [18] Kweon, H.Y., Um, I.C. and Park, Y.H. (2000) Thermal behavior of regenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin film treated with aqueous methanol. Polymer, 45, 2775- 2785. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00100-2 [19] Hino, T., Tanimoto, M. and Shimabayashi, S. (2003) Change in secondary structure of silk fibroin during preparation of its microspheres by spray-drying and exposure to humid atmosphere. Journal of Colloid Interface Science, 266, 68-73. doi:10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00584-8 [20] Ong-chiari, W., Srisuwan, Y., Simcheur W. and Srihanam P. (2009) Morphology, secondary structure and thermal properties of silk fibroin/gelatin blend film. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 12, 1526-1530. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2009.1526.1530 [21] Kweon, H.Y., Um, I.C. and Park, Y.H. (2001) Structural and thermal characteristics of Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin-chitosan blend film. Polymer, 42, 6651-6656. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00104-5 [22] Remu?án-López, C. and Bodmeier, R. (1997) Mechanical, water uptake and permeability properties of crosslinked chitosan glutamate and alginate films. Journal of Controlled Release, 44, 215-225. doi:10.1016/S0168-3659(96)01525-8 [23] Thakur, R.A., Florek, C.A., Kohn, J. and Michniak, B.B. (2008) Electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffold with targeted drug release profiles for potential application as wound dressing. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 364, 87-93. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.07.033 [24] Zeng, J., Yang, L., Liang, Q., Zhang, X., Guan, H., Chen, X. and Jing, X. (2005) Influence of the drug compatibility with polymer solution on the release kinetics of electrospun fiber formation. Journal of Controlled Release, 105, 43-51. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.02.024
[1] Piskin, E. (1995) Biodegradable polymers as biomaterials. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 6, 775- 795. doi:10.1163/156856295X00175 [2] Min, B.M., Lee, G., Kim, S.H., Nam, Y.S., Lee, T.S. and Park, W.H. (2004) Electrospinning of silk fibroin nanofibers and its effect on the adhesion and spreading of normal human keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro. Biomaterials, 25, 1289-1297. doi:10.1163/156856295X00175 [3] Mandal, B.B., Priya A.S. and Kundu, S.C. (2009) Novel silk sericin/gelatin 3-D scaffolds and 2-D films: Films: Fabrication and characterization for potential tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomaterialia, 5, 3007-3020. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2009.03.026 [4] Servoli, E., Maniglio, D., Motta, A., Predazzer R. and Migliaresi. C. (2005). Surface properties of silk fibroin films and their interactions with fibroblasts. Micromolecular Bioscience, 5, 1175-1183. [5] Park, W.H., Jeong, L., Yoo, D.I. and Hudson, S. (2004) Effect of chitosan on morphology and conformation of electrospun silk fibroin nanofibers. Polymer, 45, 7151- 7157. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.08.045 [6] Nair, L.S. and Laurencin. C.T. (2007) Biodegradable polymers as biomaterial. Progress in Polymer Science, 6, 762- 798. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.017 [7] Foo, C.W.P. and Kaplan, D.L. (2002) Genetic engineering of fibrous proteins: Spider dragline silk and collagen. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 54, 1131-1143. doi:10.1016/S0169-409X(02)00061-3 [8] Lien, S.-M., Ko, L.-Y. and Huang, T-J. (2010) Effect of crosslinking temperature on compression strength of gelatin scaffold for articular cartilage tissue engineering. Materials Science and Engineering, C, 30, 631-635. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2010.02.019 [9] Thein-Han, W.W., Saikhun, J., Pholpramoo, C., Misra, R.D.K. and Kitiyanant, Y. (2009) Chitosan gelatin scaffolds for tissue engineering: Physico-chemical properties and biological response of buffalo embryonic stem cells and transfectant of GFP-buffalo embryonic stem cells. Acta Biomaterialia, 5, 3453-3466. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2009.05.012 [10] Gil, E.S., Frankowski, D.J., Hudson, S.M. and Spontak, R.J. (2007) Silk fibroin membranes from solvent-crystallized silk fibroin/gelatin blends: Effects of blend and solvent composition. Materials Science Engineering, C, 27, 426-431. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2006.05.017 [11] Lee, J., Tae, G., Kim, Y.H., Park, I.S., Kim, S.-H. and Kim, S.H. (2008) The effect of gelatin incorporation into electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) fibers on mechanical properties and cytocompatibility. Biomaterials, 29, 1872-1879. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.12.029 [12] Huang, Z.M., Zhang, Y.Z., Ramakrishna, S. and Lim, C.T. (2004) Electrospinning and mechanical characterization of gelatin nanofibers. Polymer, 45, 5361-5368. doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2004.04.005 [13] Aznar-Cervantes, S., Roca, M.I., Martinez, J.G., MeseguerOlmo, L., Cenis, J.L., Moraleda, J.M. and Otero, T.F. (2012) Fabrication of conductive electrospun silk fibroin scaffolds by coating with polypyrrole for biomedical applications. Bioelectrochemistry, 85, 36-43. doi:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2011.11.008 [14] Bhardwaj, N. and Kundu, S.C. (2011) Silk fibroin protein and chitosan polyelectrolyte complex porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Carbohydrate Polymer, 85, 325-333. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.02.027 [15] Fan, H., Liu, H., Toh, S.L. and Goh, J.C.H. (2008) Enhanced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cocultured with ligament fibroblasts on gelatin/silk fibroin hybrid scaffold. Biomaterials, 29, 1017-1027. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.10.048 [16] Fang, Q., Chen, D., Yang, Z. and Li, M. (2009) In vitro and in vivo research on sing Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin as tissue engineering tendon scaffolds. Materials Science Engineering, C, 29, 1527-1534. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2008.12.007 [17] Li, M., Tao, W., Lu, S. and Kuga, S. (2003) Compliant film of regenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin by chemical crosslinking. International Journal Biological Macromolecules, 32, 159-163. doi:10.1016/S0141-8130(03)00049-7 [18] Kweon, H.Y., Um, I.C. and Park, Y.H. (2000) Thermal behavior of regenerated Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin film treated with aqueous methanol. Polymer, 45, 2775- 2785. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(00)00100-2 [19] Hino, T., Tanimoto, M. and Shimabayashi, S. (2003) Change in secondary structure of silk fibroin during preparation of its microspheres by spray-drying and exposure to humid atmosphere. Journal of Colloid Interface Science, 266, 68-73. doi:10.1016/S0021-9797(03)00584-8 [20] Ong-chiari, W., Srisuwan, Y., Simcheur W. and Srihanam P. (2009) Morphology, secondary structure and thermal properties of silk fibroin/gelatin blend film. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 12, 1526-1530. doi:10.3923/pjbs.2009.1526.1530 [21] Kweon, H.Y., Um, I.C. and Park, Y.H. (2001) Structural and thermal characteristics of Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin-chitosan blend film. Polymer, 42, 6651-6656. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(01)00104-5 [22] Remu?án-López, C. and Bodmeier, R. (1997) Mechanical, water uptake and permeability properties of crosslinked chitosan glutamate and alginate films. Journal of Controlled Release, 44, 215-225. doi:10.1016/S0168-3659(96)01525-8 [23] Thakur, R.A., Florek, C.A., Kohn, J. and Michniak, B.B. (2008) Electrospun nanofibrous polymeric scaffold with targeted drug release profiles for potential application as wound dressing. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 364, 87-93. doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.07.033 [24] Zeng, J., Yang, L., Liang, Q., Zhang, X., Guan, H., Chen, X. and Jing, X. (2005) Influence of the drug compatibility with polymer solution on the release kinetics of electrospun fiber formation. Journal of Controlled Release, 105, 43-51. doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2005.02.024