Study and Application of a Novel Tap Water Flocculant
Affiliation(s)
School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei Key Lab of Mineral Resource Processing and Environment, Wuhan, China. Hubei Shilu Chemical Coat Company, Yingcheng, China.
School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei Key Lab of Mineral Resource Processing and Environment, Wuhan, China. Hubei Shilu Chemical Coat Company, Yingcheng, China.
ABSTRACT
By using polyaluminum chloride (PAC), chitosan (CTS) and montmorillonite (MM) as the main raw materials, a novel tap water flocculant had been prepared. The optimal mass proportion of this flocculant was 1 g·L–1 chitosan:50 g·L–1 PAC:3g·L–1 MM = 30:11:7. Compared with the traditional polyaluminum chloride (PAC), the concentration of aluminum ion (Al3+) and suspended solids (SS) in the exit dropped 66.19% and 5.80% respectively, moreover, the cost was decreased by 9.95%. This flocculant was not only cheaper, but also provided improved flocculating function compared with traditional flocculant. The concentration of Al3+ in exit water was decreased greatly so the drinking water would be much safer.
By using polyaluminum chloride (PAC), chitosan (CTS) and montmorillonite (MM) as the main raw materials, a novel tap water flocculant had been prepared. The optimal mass proportion of this flocculant was 1 g·L–1 chitosan:50 g·L–1 PAC:3g·L–1 MM = 30:11:7. Compared with the traditional polyaluminum chloride (PAC), the concentration of aluminum ion (Al3+) and suspended solids (SS) in the exit dropped 66.19% and 5.80% respectively, moreover, the cost was decreased by 9.95%. This flocculant was not only cheaper, but also provided improved flocculating function compared with traditional flocculant. The concentration of Al3+ in exit water was decreased greatly so the drinking water would be much safer.
Cite this paper
D. Zeng, Y. Zhai, S. Zhang and F. Ding, "Study and Application of a Novel Tap Water Flocculant," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 3 No. 6, 2012, pp. 518-522. doi: 10.4236/jep.2012.36062.
D. Zeng, Y. Zhai, S. Zhang and F. Ding, "Study and Application of a Novel Tap Water Flocculant," Journal of Environmental Protection, Vol. 3 No. 6, 2012, pp. 518-522. doi: 10.4236/jep.2012.36062.
References
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[1] M. Y. Liu, X. M. Hu, X. J. Zhang and Y. B. Su, “Polymeric Aluminum-Calcium Chloride: A New Flocculant and Its Preparation and Preliminary Application,” Journal of Northeastern University, Vol. 26, No. 5, 2005, pp. 500-503. [2] P. T. Srinivasan, T. Viraraghavan, B. Kardash and J. Bergman, “Aluminum Speciation during Drinking Water Treatment,” Water Quality Research Journal of Canada, Vol. 33, No. 3, 1998, pp. 377-388. [3] M. I. Sadawi and R. H. Ismail, “Factors Affecting the Residual Aluminum in Potable Water and Quality Assurance,” Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, Vol. 51, No. 3, 2004, pp. 447-462. [4] R. D. Letterman and C. T. Driscoll, “Survey of Residual Aluminum in Filtered Water,” American Water Works Association, Vol. 80, No. 4, 1988, pp. 154-158. [5] S. Vigneswaran, D. S. Chaudhary, H. H. Ngo, W. G. Shim and H. Moon, “Application of A PAC-Membrane Hybrid System for Removal of Organics from Secondary Sewage Effluent: Experiments and Modeling,” Separation Science and Technology, Vol. 38, No. 10, 2003, pp. 2183-2199. doi:10.1081/SS-120021619 [6] T. Maria, M. Sylwia and A. W. Morawski, “Removal of Organic Matter by Coagulation Enhanced with Adsorption on PAC,” Desalination, Vol. 161, No. 1, 2004, pp. 79-87. doi:10.1016/S0011-9164(04)90042-2 [7] S. K. Dentel and J. M. Gossett, “Mechanisms of Coagulation with Aluminum Salts,” American Water Works Association, Vol. 80, No. 4, 1988, pp. 187-198. [8] D. Zeng, J. Wu and J. F. Kennedy, “Application of a Chitosan Flocculant to Water Treatment,” Carbohydrate Polymers, Vol. 71, No. 1, 2008, pp. 135-139. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.07.039 [9] Q. W. Deng, J. W. Wang and L. V. Jinsong, “Adsorption of Cadmium by Magnetic Chitosan Microspheres,” 2011 International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering, Yichang, 16-18 September 2011, pp. 3335-3338. [10] P. Miretzky and C. A. Fernandez, “Hg(II) Removal from Water by Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives: A Review,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 167, No. 1-3, 2009, pp. 10-23. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.01.060 [11] M. Zhang, C. Y. Tan, L. Kong and L. C. Jin, “Preparation of a Novel Chitosan Derivative and Use in Water Treatment,” 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Technology, Hangzhou, 26-28 July 2011, pp. 1160-1162. doi:10.1109/ICMT.2011.6002962 [12] H. Yang, B. Yuan, Y. B. Lu and R. S. Cheng, “Preparation of Magnetic Chitosan Microspheres and Its Applications in Wastewater Treatment,” Science in China, Series B: Chemistry, Vol. 52, No. 3, 2009, pp. 249-256. doi:10.1007/s11426-008-0109-1 [13] Y. L. Tang, J. C. Chen and D. F. Zeng, “Study on the Flocculation Mechanism of Modified Rectorite/Chitosan Composite Flocculant,” Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering, Vol. 28, No. 3, 2007, pp. 11-14. [14] D. S. Wang and X. H. Tang, “Quantitative Model of Coagulation with Inorganic Polymer Flocculant PAC: Application of the PCNM,” Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 32, No. 5, 2006, pp. 434-441. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2006)132:5(434) [15] J. K. Edzwald, “Coagulation in Drinking Water Treatment: Particles, Organics and Coagulants,” Water Science and Technology, Vol. 27, No. 11, 1993, pp. 21-35.