Effect of Vitamin K1 on Cell Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis on the U937 Cell Line
Affiliation(s)
Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, USA.
ABSTRACT
This experiment was conducted in order to verify the role of Vitamin K1 as a cell growth inhibitor on the U937 cell line. This experiment was performed in two parts—one with a lesser concentration of Vitamin K1, and the other with a range of concentrations from low-to-high. Through the remaining number of U937 cells, as well as cell areas, it was concluded that the presence of Vitamin K1 reduces the number of cancer cells. It was also concluded that as Vitamin K1 concentration increases, so does the frequency and effects of apoptosis.
This experiment was conducted in order to verify the role of Vitamin K1 as a cell growth inhibitor on the U937 cell line. This experiment was performed in two parts—one with a lesser concentration of Vitamin K1, and the other with a range of concentrations from low-to-high. Through the remaining number of U937 cells, as well as cell areas, it was concluded that the presence of Vitamin K1 reduces the number of cancer cells. It was also concluded that as Vitamin K1 concentration increases, so does the frequency and effects of apoptosis.
Cite this paper
T. Blair and H. A. Miller III, "Effect of Vitamin K1 on Cell Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis on the U937 Cell Line," Journal of Cancer Therapy, Vol. 3 No. 2, 2012, pp. 167-172. doi: 10.4236/jct.2012.32023.
T. Blair and H. A. Miller III, "Effect of Vitamin K1 on Cell Growth Inhibition and Apoptosis on the U937 Cell Line," Journal of Cancer Therapy, Vol. 3 No. 2, 2012, pp. 167-172. doi: 10.4236/jct.2012.32023.
References
[1] R. Bowen, “Vitamin K,” Colorado State University, 1999. http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/misc_topics/vitamink.html [2] J. Higdon, “Vitamin K,” Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University, 2004. http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/vitaminK/ [3] B. I. Carr, Z. Wang and S. Kar, “K Vitamins, PTP Antagonism, and Cell Growth Arrest,” Journal of Cellular Physiology, Vol. 193, No. 3, 2002, pp. 263-274. doi:10.1002/jcp.10171 [4] N. Runzhou, Y. Nishikawa and B. I. Carr, “Cell Growth Inhibition by a Novel Vitamin K Is Associated with Induction of Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation,” The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 273, 1997, pp. 9906-9911. [5] Sigma-Aldrich. “U937 Cell Line Human,” 2010. http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/ProductDetail.do?D7=0&N5=SEARCH_CONCAT_PNO%7CBRAND_KEY&N4=85011440%7CSIGMA&N25=0&QS=ON&F=SPEC [6] T. Nishiguchi, T. Kobayashi and M. Sugimura, “Upregulation of Thrombomodulin Antigen Levels in U937 Cells by Combined Stimulation with Estradiol-17beta and Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone 4),” Journal of Cellular Physiology, Vol. 25, 1999, pp. 509-517.
[1] R. Bowen, “Vitamin K,” Colorado State University, 1999. http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/misc_topics/vitamink.html [2] J. Higdon, “Vitamin K,” Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University, 2004. http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/infocenter/vitamins/vitaminK/ [3] B. I. Carr, Z. Wang and S. Kar, “K Vitamins, PTP Antagonism, and Cell Growth Arrest,” Journal of Cellular Physiology, Vol. 193, No. 3, 2002, pp. 263-274. doi:10.1002/jcp.10171 [4] N. Runzhou, Y. Nishikawa and B. I. Carr, “Cell Growth Inhibition by a Novel Vitamin K Is Associated with Induction of Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation,” The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 273, 1997, pp. 9906-9911. [5] Sigma-Aldrich. “U937 Cell Line Human,” 2010. http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/ProductDetail.do?D7=0&N5=SEARCH_CONCAT_PNO%7CBRAND_KEY&N4=85011440%7CSIGMA&N25=0&QS=ON&F=SPEC [6] T. Nishiguchi, T. Kobayashi and M. Sugimura, “Upregulation of Thrombomodulin Antigen Levels in U937 Cells by Combined Stimulation with Estradiol-17beta and Vitamin K2 (Menaquinone 4),” Journal of Cellular Physiology, Vol. 25, 1999, pp. 509-517.