Foreign Juvenile Delinquency: The Case of Istanbul
Affiliation(s)
Department of Sociology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey. Department of Sociology, Harran University, ?anl?urfa, Turkey.
Department of Sociology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey. Department of Sociology, Harran University, ?anl?urfa, Turkey.
ABSTRACT
There are many factors that make “illegal migration” become one of the greatest problems of the contemporary world. The most significant ones of these factors are economic inequality, states’ incompetence in securing their peoples’ lives, political turmoils and acts of violence. No matter they are the source or target countries, all nations are in search of possible national and multinational solutions against the issue of illegal migration, illegal immigrant and refugee that chronically deliver great deal of problems. In conjunction with illegal immigration, another problematic phonemenon is revelaed: Foreign juvenile delinquency. Both illegally entered a country and involved in criminality, foreign juvenile delinquency is like a double edged dagger stabbed in the very heart of metropolitan areas. In this regard, foreign juvenile delinquency can be defined as a social problem which is affected by large-scale social events and trans- formations such as economic crisis, wars and political conflicts. The aim of this study is to introduce a general profile of the foreign juveniles that entered Turkey either legally or illegally and committed a crime and arrested by law enforcers in Istanbul. Files of 1130 juveniles who committed judicial or administrative crimes are compiled and examined from 2007 to the first four months of 2009.
There are many factors that make “illegal migration” become one of the greatest problems of the contemporary world. The most significant ones of these factors are economic inequality, states’ incompetence in securing their peoples’ lives, political turmoils and acts of violence. No matter they are the source or target countries, all nations are in search of possible national and multinational solutions against the issue of illegal migration, illegal immigrant and refugee that chronically deliver great deal of problems. In conjunction with illegal immigration, another problematic phonemenon is revelaed: Foreign juvenile delinquency. Both illegally entered a country and involved in criminality, foreign juvenile delinquency is like a double edged dagger stabbed in the very heart of metropolitan areas. In this regard, foreign juvenile delinquency can be defined as a social problem which is affected by large-scale social events and trans- formations such as economic crisis, wars and political conflicts. The aim of this study is to introduce a general profile of the foreign juveniles that entered Turkey either legally or illegally and committed a crime and arrested by law enforcers in Istanbul. Files of 1130 juveniles who committed judicial or administrative crimes are compiled and examined from 2007 to the first four months of 2009.
Cite this paper
nullIcli, T. , Sever, H. , Sever, M. & Okten, S. (2012). Foreign Juvenile Delinquency: The Case of Istanbul. Advances in Applied Sociology, 2, 59-65. doi: 10.4236/aasoci.2012.21008.
nullIcli, T. , Sever, H. , Sever, M. & Okten, S. (2012). Foreign Juvenile Delinquency: The Case of Istanbul. Advances in Applied Sociology, 2, 59-65. doi: 10.4236/aasoci.2012.21008.
References
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[1] Agnew, R., & White, H. R. (1992). An empirical test of general strain theory. Criminology, 30, 475-500. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1992.tb01113.x [2] Agnew, R., Brezina, T., Wright, J. P., & Cullen, F. T. (2002). Strain, personality traits, and delinquency: Extending general strain theory. Criminology, 40, 43-71. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00949.x [3] Bao,W., Haas, A., & Pi, Y. (2004). Life strain, negative emotions, and delinquency: An empirical test of general strain theory in the People’s Republic of China. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 48, 281-297. doi:10.1177/0306624X03258686 [4] Baron, S. W. (2004). General strain, street youth and crime: A test of Agnew’s revised theory. Criminology, 42, 457-483. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2004.tb00526.x [5] Broidy, L. (2001). A test of general strain theory. Criminology, 39, 9-35. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2001.tb00915.x [6] Bui, H. (2009). Parent child conflicts, school troubles, and differences in delinquency across immigration generations. Crime and Delinquency, 55, 412-441. doi:10.1177/0011128707306122 [7] Brewer, K. T., & Yükseker, D. (2007). A survey on African migrants and asylum seeker in Istanbul. Mirekoc Project, Istanbul: Ko? üniversitesi. [8] Central Intelligence Agency. (2008). The world factbook. URL (last checked 16 January 2009). https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/download/ [9] Dinovitzer, R., Hagan, J., & Levi, R. (2009). Immigration and youthful illegalities in a global edge city. Social Forces, 88, 337-372. doi:10.1353/sof.0.0229 [10] Fi?ek, G., ?iner, C. U., & Akp?nar, T. (2008). ?ocuk su?lulu?unda ?ncü ?al??malar ve iki doktora tezi. Ankara üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 57, 17-29. [11] Gün?en-??li, T. (2007). Kriminoloji. Ankara: Se?kin Yay?nlar?. [12] Hagan, J., & Palloni, A. (1998). Immigration and crime in the United States. The Immigration Debate: Studies on the Economic, Demographic, and Eiscal Effects of Immigration. Cambridge: National Aca- demy Press. [13] Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of delinquency. Berkeley: University of California Press. [14] Hoffmann, J. P., & Miller, A. S. (1998). A latent variable analysis of strain theory. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 14, 83-110. doi:10.1023/A:1023048509438 [15] Hoffman, J. P. (2003). A contextual analysis of differential association, social control, and strain theories of delinquency. Social Forces, 81, 753-785. doi:10.1023/A:1023048509438 [16] Jang, S. J., & Johnson, B. R. (2003). Strain, negative emotions, and deviant coping among African Americans: A test of general strain theory. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 19, 79-105. doi:10.1023/A:1022570729068 [17] Kruger, T. (2008). Environmental criminology and community-based crime mapping in South Africa. Conference of Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis, 17-19 March 2008, ?zmir. [18] Lemieux, A., & Felson, M. (2008). Visitor crime. Conference of Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis, 17-19 March 2008, ?zmir. [19] Martinez, R., & Lee, M. T. (2000). On immigration and crime. Criminal Justice, 1, 485-524. [20] Mazerolle, P. (1998). Gender, general strain, and delinquency: An empirical examination. Justice Quarterly, 15, 65-91. doi:10.1080/07418829800093641 [21] Mazerolle, P., & Maahs, J. (2000). General strain and delinquency: An alternative examination of conditioning influences. Justice Quarterly, 17, 753-778. doi:10.1080/07418820000094751 [22] Mazerolle, P., Piquero, A., & Capowich, G. E. (2003). Examining the links between strain, situational and dispositional anger, and crime: Further specifying and testing general strain theory. Youth & Society, 35, 131-157. doi:10.1177/0044118X03255029 [23] Merton, R. K. (1938). Social structure and anomie. American Sociological Review, 3, 672-682. doi:10.2307/2084686 [24] Miller, W. (1958). Lower class culture as a generating milieu of gang delinquency. Journal of Social Issues, 14, 5-9. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1958.tb01413.x [25] Moon, B., Blurton, D., & McCluskey, J. D. (2008). General strain theory and delinquency focusing on the influences of key strain characteristics on delinquency, Crime and Delinquency, 54, 582-613. doi:10.1177/0011128707301627 [26] Piquero, N. L., & Sealock, M. D. (2000). Generalizing general strain theory: An examination of an offending population. Justice Quarterly, 17, 449-484. doi:10.1080/07418820000094631 [27] Sampson, R. J., Morenoff, J. D., & Raudenbush, S. W. (2005). Social anatomy of racial and ethnic disparities in violence. American Journal of Public Health, 95, 224-232. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.037705 [28] Sellin, T.. (1938). Culture conflict and crime. New York: Social Science Research Council. [29] Sever, H. (2009). Yasad??? g??menlerin profili: ?stanbul ili ?rne?i. Master Thesis. Polis Akademisi Ba?kanl??? Güvenlik Bilimleri Enstitüsü Su? Ara?t?rmalar? Anabilim Dal? Ba?kanl???, [30] Shaw, C., & McKay, H. (1942). Juvenile delinquency and urban areas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. [31] Ubah, C. (2007). Immigrants’ experiences in America: Toward understanding organized crime. African Journal of Criminology and Jus- tice Studies, 3, 95. [32] Wong, C. (2009). The social disorganization theory. Center for Spatially Integrated Social Science, URL (last checked 22 March 2010). http://www.csiss.org/classics/content/66