Common Movement Disorders in Children: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Management
Affiliation(s)
Department of Neurology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva, Israel.
Department of Neurology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. Department of Neurology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva, Israel.
ABSTRACT
Movement disorders in childhood are a heterogeneous group of diseases with presentations that vary according to etiopathogenesis and age of onset. While sharing certain characteristics with the conditions that affect adults, they also have unique features that are determined by the metabolic, physiological and environmental distinctiveness of the developing brain. This context makes the nervous system of children vulnerable to various insults such as birth trauma, infections and toxicity. Some inborn errors of metabolism and genetic conditions selectively affect the young brain and psychological adaptation may also contribute to the occurrence and severity of certain conditions at this age group. The present review outlines the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and course, diagnosis and therapy of movement disorders in children. We also emphasize, when available, preventive and prophylactic measures and conclude by suggesting several avenues for future research in aspects that are currently not well understood.
Movement disorders in childhood are a heterogeneous group of diseases with presentations that vary according to etiopathogenesis and age of onset. While sharing certain characteristics with the conditions that affect adults, they also have unique features that are determined by the metabolic, physiological and environmental distinctiveness of the developing brain. This context makes the nervous system of children vulnerable to various insults such as birth trauma, infections and toxicity. Some inborn errors of metabolism and genetic conditions selectively affect the young brain and psychological adaptation may also contribute to the occurrence and severity of certain conditions at this age group. The present review outlines the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and course, diagnosis and therapy of movement disorders in children. We also emphasize, when available, preventive and prophylactic measures and conclude by suggesting several avenues for future research in aspects that are currently not well understood.
Cite this paper
I. Korn-Lubetzki and I. Steiner, "Common Movement Disorders in Children: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Management," Neuroscience and Medicine, Vol. 3 No. 1, 2012, pp. 90-100. doi: 10.4236/nm.2012.31014.
I. Korn-Lubetzki and I. Steiner, "Common Movement Disorders in Children: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis and Management," Neuroscience and Medicine, Vol. 3 No. 1, 2012, pp. 90-100. doi: 10.4236/nm.2012.31014.
References
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