Groundwater Solution Techniques: Environmental Applications
ABSTRACT
Groundwater models provide a scientific tool for various groundwater studies which include groundwater flow, solute transport, heat transport and deformation. However, without a good understanding of a model, modeling studies are not well designed or the model does not represent the natural system which being modeled long term effects may results. Thus, this review has focused and reviewed the types of solution techniques in terms of advantages and limitations. The findings are vital to improve the model conceptualization and understanding of the uncertainty in model results. On the same hand, it acts as guide and reference to groundwater modeler, reduces the time spent in understanding the solution technique and complexity of groundwater models, as well as focus ways to address the groundwater problems and deliver modeling output more efficiently.
Groundwater models provide a scientific tool for various groundwater studies which include groundwater flow, solute transport, heat transport and deformation. However, without a good understanding of a model, modeling studies are not well designed or the model does not represent the natural system which being modeled long term effects may results. Thus, this review has focused and reviewed the types of solution techniques in terms of advantages and limitations. The findings are vital to improve the model conceptualization and understanding of the uncertainty in model results. On the same hand, it acts as guide and reference to groundwater modeler, reduces the time spent in understanding the solution technique and complexity of groundwater models, as well as focus ways to address the groundwater problems and deliver modeling output more efficiently.
Cite this paper
nullS. Mangala PRAVEENA, M. Harun ABDULLAH, A. Zaharin ARIS and K. BIDIN, "Groundwater Solution Techniques: Environmental Applications," Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol. 2 No. 1, 2010, pp. 8-13. doi: 10.4236/jwarp.2010.21002.
nullS. Mangala PRAVEENA, M. Harun ABDULLAH, A. Zaharin ARIS and K. BIDIN, "Groundwater Solution Techniques: Environmental Applications," Journal of Water Resource and Protection, Vol. 2 No. 1, 2010, pp. 8-13. doi: 10.4236/jwarp.2010.21002.
References
[1] L. W. Canter, D. M. Fairchild, and R. C. Knox, “Ground water quality protection,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1988. [2] J. Bear, M. S. Beljin, and R. R. Ross, “Fundamentals of groundwater modeling,” United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1992. [3] P. K. M. van der Heijde, “Quality assurance in computer simulations of groundwater contamination,” Environmental Software, Vol. 2, pp. 19–25, 1987. [4] E. Manoli, P. Katsiardi, G. Arampatzis, and D. Assimacopoulos, “Comprehensive Water Management Scenarios for Strategic Planning,” Global NEST Journal, Vol. 7, pp. 369–378, 2005. [5] S. M. Praveena, M. H. Abdullah, A. Z. Aris, and L.C. Yik, “A brush up on seawater intrusion models,” in the Proceeding of Third Regional Symposium on Environment and Natural Resources, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 313–324, 2008. [6] C. P. Kumar, “Pitfalls and sensitivities in groundwater modeling,” Civil Engineering, Vol. 84, pp. 116–120, 2003. [7] V. S. Singh and C. P. Gupta, “Groundwater in a coral island,” Environmental Geology, Vol. 37, pp. 72–77, 1999. [8] K. Spitz and J. Moreno, “A practical guide to groundwater and solute transport modeling,” John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1996. [9] M. E. Thangarajan, “Resource evaluation, augmentation, contamination, restoration, modeling and management,” Capital Publishing Company, 2007. [10] J. R. Boulding and J. S. Ginn, “Practical handbook of soil, vadose zone, and ground-water contamination: Assessment, prevention and remediation,” Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 2004. [11] D. K. Todd, “Groundwater hydrology,” Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. [12] M. P. Anderson and W. W. Woessner, “Applied groundwater modeling: Simulation of flow and advective transport,” Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, 2002. [13] N. Kre?i?, “Hydrogeology and groundwater modeling,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 2006. [14] W. C. Walton, “Groundwater resource evaluation,” McGraw-Hill Education, 1976. [15] K. McGillicuddy and T. Sovich, “Strategies for operation of orange county water district Talbert seawater intrusion barrier, California,” ASCE, New York, 1996. [16] A. M. M. Elfeki, G. J. M. Uffink, and F. B. J. Barends, “Groundwater contaminant transport: Impact of heterogeneous characterization: A new view on dispersion,” Taylor & Francis, 1997. [17] N. Emekli, N. Karahanoglu, H. Yazicigil, and V. Doyuran. “Numerical simulation of saltwater intrusion in a groundwater Basin,” Water Environment Research, Vol. 68, pp. 855–866, 1996. [18] L. F. Konikow and T. E. Reilly, “Groundwater modeling,” In: The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1995. [19] L. Konikow and J. Mercer, “Groundwater flow and transport modelling,” Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 100, pp. 379–409, 1988. [20] J. J. Fried, “Groundwater pollution: Theory, methodology, modelling, and practical rules,” Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company; Amsterdam-Oxford-New York, 1975. [21] R. Bowen, “Groundwater,” Springer; London, 1986. [22] J. Wainwright and M. Mulligan, “Environmental modeling: finding simplicity in complexity,” John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2004. [23] K. R. Rushton, “Groundwater hydrology: Conceptual and computational models,” John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2003. [24] Environmental Protection Agency, “Models and computers in ground-water investigations,” 1991, http://www. cepis.ops-oms.org/muwww/fulltext/repind46/models/models.html. [25] V. Batu, “Applied ?ow and solute transport modeling in aquifers: fundamental principles and analytical and numerical methods,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 2006. [26] G. B. Maxey, W. Back, and D. A. Stephenson “Contemporary hydrogeology,” The George Burke Maxey memorial volume, Elsevier, 1979. [27] M. Kasenow, “Determination of hydraulic conductivity from grain size analysis,” Water Resources Publication, 2002. [28] E. Holzbecher, “Modelling density-driven flow in porous media,” Springer Publisher, Heidelberg, 1998.
[1] L. W. Canter, D. M. Fairchild, and R. C. Knox, “Ground water quality protection,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1988. [2] J. Bear, M. S. Beljin, and R. R. Ross, “Fundamentals of groundwater modeling,” United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1992. [3] P. K. M. van der Heijde, “Quality assurance in computer simulations of groundwater contamination,” Environmental Software, Vol. 2, pp. 19–25, 1987. [4] E. Manoli, P. Katsiardi, G. Arampatzis, and D. Assimacopoulos, “Comprehensive Water Management Scenarios for Strategic Planning,” Global NEST Journal, Vol. 7, pp. 369–378, 2005. [5] S. M. Praveena, M. H. Abdullah, A. Z. Aris, and L.C. Yik, “A brush up on seawater intrusion models,” in the Proceeding of Third Regional Symposium on Environment and Natural Resources, Kuala Lumpur, pp. 313–324, 2008. [6] C. P. Kumar, “Pitfalls and sensitivities in groundwater modeling,” Civil Engineering, Vol. 84, pp. 116–120, 2003. [7] V. S. Singh and C. P. Gupta, “Groundwater in a coral island,” Environmental Geology, Vol. 37, pp. 72–77, 1999. [8] K. Spitz and J. Moreno, “A practical guide to groundwater and solute transport modeling,” John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1996. [9] M. E. Thangarajan, “Resource evaluation, augmentation, contamination, restoration, modeling and management,” Capital Publishing Company, 2007. [10] J. R. Boulding and J. S. Ginn, “Practical handbook of soil, vadose zone, and ground-water contamination: Assessment, prevention and remediation,” Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, 2004. [11] D. K. Todd, “Groundwater hydrology,” Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1980. [12] M. P. Anderson and W. W. Woessner, “Applied groundwater modeling: Simulation of flow and advective transport,” Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, 2002. [13] N. Kre?i?, “Hydrogeology and groundwater modeling,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 2006. [14] W. C. Walton, “Groundwater resource evaluation,” McGraw-Hill Education, 1976. [15] K. McGillicuddy and T. Sovich, “Strategies for operation of orange county water district Talbert seawater intrusion barrier, California,” ASCE, New York, 1996. [16] A. M. M. Elfeki, G. J. M. Uffink, and F. B. J. Barends, “Groundwater contaminant transport: Impact of heterogeneous characterization: A new view on dispersion,” Taylor & Francis, 1997. [17] N. Emekli, N. Karahanoglu, H. Yazicigil, and V. Doyuran. “Numerical simulation of saltwater intrusion in a groundwater Basin,” Water Environment Research, Vol. 68, pp. 855–866, 1996. [18] L. F. Konikow and T. E. Reilly, “Groundwater modeling,” In: The Handbook of Groundwater Engineering, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 1995. [19] L. Konikow and J. Mercer, “Groundwater flow and transport modelling,” Journal of Hydrology, Vol. 100, pp. 379–409, 1988. [20] J. J. Fried, “Groundwater pollution: Theory, methodology, modelling, and practical rules,” Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company; Amsterdam-Oxford-New York, 1975. [21] R. Bowen, “Groundwater,” Springer; London, 1986. [22] J. Wainwright and M. Mulligan, “Environmental modeling: finding simplicity in complexity,” John Wiley and Sons, New York, 2004. [23] K. R. Rushton, “Groundwater hydrology: Conceptual and computational models,” John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2003. [24] Environmental Protection Agency, “Models and computers in ground-water investigations,” 1991, http://www. cepis.ops-oms.org/muwww/fulltext/repind46/models/models.html. [25] V. Batu, “Applied ?ow and solute transport modeling in aquifers: fundamental principles and analytical and numerical methods,” CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, 2006. [26] G. B. Maxey, W. Back, and D. A. Stephenson “Contemporary hydrogeology,” The George Burke Maxey memorial volume, Elsevier, 1979. [27] M. Kasenow, “Determination of hydraulic conductivity from grain size analysis,” Water Resources Publication, 2002. [28] E. Holzbecher, “Modelling density-driven flow in porous media,” Springer Publisher, Heidelberg, 1998.