Mónica Beatriz López-Hernández¹, Jesús Arreola-Enríquez², Antonio Villalobos-González^3*, Luis Leonardo Pinzón-López⁴, Edwin Javier Barrios-Gómez⁵, Saúl Espinosa-Zaragoza⁶, Diana Sanzón-Gómez⁷

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¹ Instituto Tecnológico de Chiná, Chiná, México.
² Colegio de Postgraduados, Sihochac, México.
³ Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Edzná, Campeche, México.
⁴ Instituto Tecnológico de Conkal, Conkal, México.
⁵ Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Zacatepec, Morelos, México.
⁶ Universidad Autónoma de Chíapas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Huehuetán, México.
⁷ Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Irapuato, México.
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Abstract: Yields of rice (Oryza sativa L.) respond to complex interactions between the genotype and the environment; rice has the particularity of being a semi-aquatic crop, and as a result of this, it presents lower adaptation to the limiting water content of soil and is extremely sensitive to stress from drought; therefore, it is the most important limiting factor in rice production. The objective of this study was to research the physiological response of rice genotypes to water stress. The grain yield and its components, leaf area and transpiration efficiency under irrigation (I) and drought (D) were evaluated in eight advanced lines from the nursery of the Latin American Fund for Irrigated Rice (Fondo Latinoamericano para Arroz de Riego, FLAR) and a control variety of rice. The experiment was established in Campeche, in the 2015 autumn-winter cycle. The grain yield and its components, as well as the leaf area were greater under irrigation conditions than under drought. The transpiration from the water stress was reduced and the plants under drought increased their transpiration efficiency. The genotypes P-V 2006 and P-V 2009 were identified, with genealogies FL05392-3P-12-2P-2P-M and FL08224-3P-2-1P-3P-M, respectively, as the most outstanding compared to the rest of the genotypes in the grain yield and its components, leaf area, total root biomass, and transpiration efficiency.

Keywords: Oryza sativa L., Yield, Drought

Cite this paper: López-Hernández, M. , Arreola-Enríquez, J. , Villalobos-González, A. , Pinzón-López, L. , Barrios-Gómez, E. , Espinosa-Zaragoza, S. and Sanzón-Gómez, D. (2020) Physiological Response of Advanced Lines of Rice under Water Deficit in Campeche, Mexico. Agricultural Sciences, 11, 932-945. doi: 10.4236/as.2020.1110061.

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